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More About The Impersonal ‘Si’

We’ve already seen the impersonal use of ‘si’ in a previous lesson in this series.

Here we’ll go into more detail.

The impersonal use of ‘si’ allows us to form sentences without referring to a subject or agent. The idea is that the verb is ‘done’ by ‘la gente’, ‘le persone’, ‘qualcuno’ or ‘uno’, but it doesn’t need to be said.

‘Si’ can be used either with or without a direct object. In the first case the verb is always conjugated following the number and the gender of the object. For example:

In Italia si mangia molta pasta.
In molte scuole si indossano le uniformi.

If there’s no direct object, though, the verb is always conjugated as the 3rd singular person. For example:

In Italia si mangia bene.
A scuola si deve essere attenti durante la lezione.

When ‘si’ is used with verbs in the past tense, we always use the auxiliary verb ‘essere’, even if the verb would normally require ‘avere.’ For example:

Se non si è studiato abbastanza, è difficile superare il test finale.
Se non si è mangiato, fare sport sarà più facile.

When ‘si’ is used with an adjective or past participle in a passive construction, or in the past tense with the auxiliary verb ‘essere’, the adjective or past participle will be conjugated in the masculine plural form. For example:

Quando si è stanchi bisogna andare a dormire.
Quando si è stati lasciati dal partner è difficile fidarsi subito di un’altra persona.
Quando si è andati in campeggio tante volte, si sa come montare una tenda.

When using the impersonal ‘si’ with reflexive verbs, we use the personal pronoun ‘ci’ if the speaker wishes to include themselves in the action being described. For example:

Il sabato ci si alza tardi.
Alle 5 ci si prende un tè al bar.
Nel fine settimana ci si incontra da Paolo per vedere le partite.

Back to Italian lesson on: ‘si’

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